Nalsar Hyderabad has - apparently on the advice of the University Grants Commission (UGC) and “recognising extraordinary circumstances” of the coronavirus pandemic - not made students’ advancement to the next academic year contingent on performance in the end of semester exams and has decided not to hold these online.
However, students may still have to sit repeats in July if they fail the exam, so it’s not entirely clear how the system will work in practice.
Other law schools, such as Symbiosis Law School Pune and SVKM’s NMIMS law school have reportedly cancelled their end of term exams.
By contrast, NUJS Kolkata‘s administration has rejected a student demand for similar leniency (see more below).
If any other law schools have also cancelled exams or done anything interesting to try to deal with the disruption, please do share in the comments.
Nalsar fails to find unanimity about online exams
According to an email sent to students by Nalsar vice-chancellor (VC) Prof Faizan Mustafa, the “experiment of doing online and distant education classes can be termed by and large successful” at Nalsar (we had reported on 18 March that a lot of law schools were beginning to move towards online tuition, with varying degrees of success).
However, following discussions with and reservation expressed by the student body, he noted that “similar unanimity is escaping us on the matter of exams”.
“Since it is not possible to declare the results in such a short span of time and this is the promotion semester, recognising the extraordinary circumstances as also the advice of the University Grants Commission in the matter the promotion of students to the next academic year shall not be linked with their performance in the exams and all students will be promoted to the next year,” noted Mustafa in his email. “However, the marks obtained will be entered in the transcript and students who have failed to clear an exam will be required to do so in the repeat exams to be held in July.”
Mustafa told us that several “UGC advisories” had suggested not making exams determine whether a student would pass the year, in part due to the difficulties with holding exams online, and that this could disadvantage underprivileged students or those with worse internet connectivity, for instance.
“I wanted to conduct exam but few students wrote to me about access issues so I first upgraded their internet packs,” he explained. “Since they still felt difficulties I had to postpone exams to June.”
“We will finish our teaching on schedule,” Mustafa added. “I was proposing eight hour online open book exams but some students said elite and privileged students will have an advantage in such an exam and therefore I had to call them off.”
The Nalsar campus is now scheduled to reopen on 25 May, Mustafa had noted in his email. Classes are set to continue online until 20 April.
The decision to try and hold online exams was resolved by Nalsar’s academic council on 28 March, though it had noted that if there were difficulties, regular exams should be held.
Nalsar had also resolved to release all salaries one week early, and to ensure that all outsourced workers would get paid.
Nalsar VC emails students about exams
My Dear Nalsarites,
Hope all of you are taking good care of yourself and your family members.
The NALSAR experiment of doing online and distant education classes can be termed by and large successful. All faculty and students have had to stretch themselves to teach and learn through different means and methods of communication. The materials created in this period will soon be available even to those who could not attend these classes. And we will explore other strategies by which the loss incurred by students who were digitally disadvantaged can be made up.
Whilst the conduct of the classes obtained unanimous endorsement, we have not been able to obtain a similar consensus in the matter of examinations. Whilst some of us felt that we should build on the momentum created by the classes and hold the exams as scheduled, some students and few faculty members felt otherwise. The online classes worked because we were in it together, however similar unanimity is escaping us on the matter of exams.
We could have innovated and thought out of the box for exams but for that it was important that we were all on the same page. This additional innovation even more desperately required that the matter of equality in access to digital infrastructure be sorted out for all students.
Since we neither have that equality nor unanimity on the matter of conduct of examinations as per the authorization given to me by the Academic Council and in exercise of the emergency powers vested in me as Vice-Chancellor to take the following decisions:
- The online classes will be conducted till the 20th of April or till teachers complete their curriculum whichever is earlier. If required the weekend of that week may be used
- The students are at liberty to either submit their pending projects and undertake their presentations before the University closes on the 20th of April or within one week of its reopening on 25th of May
- The University will reopen on the 25th of May and from 25th-29th May teachers will hold personal contact classes in order to address any doubts and difficulties students experienced with the online classes.
- The end semester examinations will be conducted from the 1st to the 8th of June
- The LLM Students can submit their dissertations by the 15th of June and their pre-submission seminars can be held in the last week of May.
- The University will reopen for the new semester from 10th of June.
- will write a separate mail about the MBA students tomorrow.
Since it is not possible to declare the results in such a short span of time and this is the promotion semester, recognising the extraordinary circumstances as also the advice of the University Grants Commission in the matter the promotion of students to the next academic year shall not be linked with their performance in the exams and all students will be promoted to the next year.
However, the marks obtained will be entered in the transcript and students who have failed to clear an exam will be required to do so in the repeat exams to be held in July.
I have reached the above decisions after closely listening to all of you and do wish to assure you that even when I am disagreeing with you, I am listening to you and we will try that we continue this culture of consensus at NALSAR.
With lots of love and best wishes
faizan
NUJS: No such luck
At NUJS, meanwhile, a group of 90 students had sent a petition to its VC, Prof Nirmal Kanti Chakrabarti, yesterday (2 April), arguing against the decision to conduct online examinations.
However, Chakrabarti had rejected the request, arguing that the decision had already been made on 16 March by a joint meeting of staff and faculty, and that it would not be reconsidered.
We have contacted Chakrabarti for comment earlier today.
According to the email written by a student on behalf of 90 fifth-year students by final year student Gatha G Namboothiri, attaching a longer petition with detailed arguments (see PDF below):
We believe that the University’s decision to conduct online examinations in the times of COVID-19 pandemic is unjust and unfair. We are being asked to prepare and appear for exams in spite of threat to physical and mental safety and unequal access to resources including internet, study materials and notes. The attached petition enlists each of these aggravating factors in detail and proposes that the University cancel the scheduled online examinations and de-link promotion with passing in examinations.
As an alternative system of grading, we are proposing that the University shift to a pass/fail model, in line with the decision taken by several leading international institutes.
Furthermore, there are various colleges such as Sybmiosis and NMIMS - similarly bound by BCI and UGC regulations – that have cancelled their end-semesters and are planning to opt similar such models.
Please find attached a petition signed by 86 students of the Batch of 2020. We hope that you grant us the relief we have requested for in these trying times of a pandemic.
Chakrabarti responded in the negative to the request this morning (3 April), with the following email:
Dear Students,
We are not canceling the scheduled online examination to begin on and from 9th April 2020. We will also not adopt pass/fail system in the final year 10th semester examination. Those will not be able to appear in this online examination we will arrange offline examination in June 2020.
Vice ChancellorThe students responded earlier today at around 1pm to the VC with the following request:Dear Sir,
While we respect your decision and would love to put our faith in the University to be just and fair in the steps to be taken, we refuse to acknowledge your simple no to our request without even bothering to address the real concerns pointed out in our petition.
Sir, this is the first time any of us are experimenting with online exams. This is an option that no university has, so far, opted for. Given that it is our last semester to improve our grades, we feel that such an experiment can only detrimentally affect us due to factors beyond anybody’s control.
To illustrate, we have repeatedly raised the concern that online exams inherently go against equitable treatment and opportunity. When students sit in a classroom and write an exam, the conditions for all students are broadly the same. However, with an online examination – while on one hand, one student is sitting in a comfortable air-conditioned room with high speed internet, multiple tabs open for research and possibly people assisting them with basic research etc, on the other hand, another student might be sitting with a weak hotspot connection in a noisy, uncomfortable and generally stressed environment struggling to even download the question paper in a timely manner let alone efficiently search for answers.
Hence, we request you to once again go through our petition (reattached herewith) and provide us point-by-point redressal to the concerns raised therein. Nothing else will reassure us of the fairness of online examinations being thrust upon us in the times of a pandemic.
We are also apprehensive of the disparity that will be created between students who will give the exams now and the ones who will write regular exams in June (as suggested by you in your previous email). We hope you can clarify that too.
Warm regards,
90 students of the Batch of 2020
The decision of online examination was taken unanimously in the joint meeting of students and faculty members on 16th March 2020. You were also present in the said meeting and not raised any objections.
I have given options to students, those need early Provisional certificates and mark sheet may sit online examination now and others will sit in June offline examination.
We had declared online examination on the same day i.e.,16th March 2020 by a Notice.
Prof Nirmal kanti Chakrabarti
Vice Chancellor
Dear Sir,
It is disheartening and disappointing, to say the least, to read your reply.
With all due respect sir, on 16th March, 2020, in the joint meeting in Room 107, we did not unanimously decide to have online examinations. We had suggested an option that NLUO was planning then to implement which would include: scaling up of internal components marks, take home assignments, projects, and having exams online as per the schedule or on postponed days.
On that day, we were dealing with what was only a State Government Order to suspend classes and exams for 15 days. However, today is the 10th day of a national lock down. An unprecedented event in unprecedented times. With an extraordinary change in (evolving) circumstances, we appeal to your conscience and humbly ask you to reconsider your decision again.
Also, so far you have provided no redressal to our specific concerns faced by a large number of students as explained in detail in our petition. These are: (i) safety at home, (ii) no access to internet and laptops in some cases, (iii) no access to reading materials and class notes, (iv) mental health concerns, (v) difficulties in daily life owing to lockdown and (vi) inability to meet performance expectations.
We urge you to address each of these concerns specifically.
Your email on giving us option to take the exams now or later in June has also confused the batch tremendously. We were wondering if we can take the regular exams in June as fresh candidates and if we will have internet facilities available then too in order to ensure parity. We are also wondering if University will bear travel and accommodation expenses for the duration of the proposed June exams.
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Wonder how they both came from KIIT.
But either ways, nujs students deserve what they have. I hope they miss their former Vice Chancellor now.
#NKC_Out
Third world country se ho, par goro ke abhi bi nakal karte ho.
Ummm... Which part of an exam where you have to download a question paper, type your answers in a MS Word file, upload the file back, and do it within 4 hours, doesn't sound like an online exam but a take home thing?
VC has so far not agreed to take home assignments which typically have a longer duration and lesser syllabus.
Maybe we should give our old refrain 'where is the VC' a slight twist and start singing 'where is the faculty'?
It was assumed students will have access to internet cafes or at least that their study materials would not be stuck in transit.
Your struggles are valid but they don't invalidate the real problems faced by the students of the day. Hear them out, and help reach a solution which is not blatantly unfair to one section of students.
1) Demand for accommodation: When students come back in June/July - they cannot stay in their hostel rooms because new students have now occupied their rooms. So YES, accommodation for 10 - 15 days is a real expense.
What happens if exams cannot happen in June (if the COVID related crisis still exists?)
2) Moral high ground of international institutions while ready to "sabotage" a batch mates admission... first of all there is no logical connection between relying on the practice of international institutions and impact on somebody's international admission. This fool saw the word international twice and made a connection in their head. Now to address the real point.
The genuine hardship faced by his batchmates is ignored because for the first time ever Mr. Privileged did not get what he wants. PLEASE READ THE EMAIL HE SENT TO HIS BATCHMATES. Drop your email address (or an anonymous one) in the comments and I shall forward it to you.
3) To whoever characterised online exams as 'download the paper and upload'. PLEASE bear in mind that an online exam neccasarily means that students may utilise any online source. SO YES, internet connection does matter beyond just downloading the paper. Please red the emails that have been sent to the VC.
Mr. Cambridge probably has the best internet service but everyone does not. The people characterising the signatories of this petition as privileged are entirely missing the point. It is Mr Cambridge who's privilege allows him to ignore the plight of others who are more seriously affected by the national lockdown.
All the signatories of this petition want is a fair chance.
My favourite. "Come back in June" - The reason NALSAR has permitted provisional passing till June is to that the provisional degree is in place for Bat Council and other formalities. The message being sent to those who are genuinely suffering is that - "We are doing you a favour by even letting you write your exams later (despite the genuine hardships that you face) so if you get a provisional degree late then that is a price you must pay (So that one of your batch mates can go and study at an institution where tuition costs mote than he can earn in 10 years)
What if the pandemic-related crisis does not permit returning in June? will the VC pass us all? NO. So effectively, giving up on this opportunity to write exams, despite the hardship faced, is not a practical option. In theory it sounds great, but is it really a fair option?
Some of us had to struggle even to reach home while Mr Cambridge's chauffeur waited for him at the airport because after such a tiring 2 hour flight, how can he hold his own bags?
This might be a joke for sone and the option of anonymous comments further permits people to just rant. Please bear in mind these are real problems that real people face.
I thank those who took up the cause in our batch for trying. While many may have given up on this battle, I will not. I will be filing a complaint with MHRD. I know no one will listen to me, but I will try my best.
Mr. Vice Chancellor, I do not know how you sleep peacefully at night knowing how much trouble you cause students. March 16th meeting? Even if i was present, people like me do not get a voice at such meetings, we just sit on the side and hope for the best. Unanimous? hahah, what option was given? if someone said NO LET'S HAVE NORMAL EXAMS. would you allow? What are u even saying?
I am most disappointed in our faculty - Saurabh sir: You have studied a an internationally renowned institution. Do you accept the argument that "XYZ int'l institution has regular evaluation but NUJS students do not submit projects so they do not deserve fait treatment?"
Shouvik sir: We used to look up to you, you helped me get a job. Is it fair that I now do not have a fair chance?
I know none of these words will help my case but this is all someone like me, who's voice has always gone unheard, can do.
1) What new students arrive at the hostel in June? The new batch only arrives in July. Has the uni told you that you can't stay in the hostel when you would come back, with the semester still effectively going on because of the exams? Which uni have you been studying for all these years that you dont even know the academic calendar? Stop misleading people!
2) The current format of the exam does not mean you need to consult online sources. It is effectively an open book exam, for which the material already provided to you is enough. If you cannot understand that, then you are not ready to graduate and call yourself a lawyer. If you dont have access to even such material, you can come back in June to give the exam. The uni may even allow online exams even in June, if you people actually make real points for a change instead of making random inconsistent and contradictory stuff and shortlisting here.
3) All this call about pandemic going on for ever, beyond June and July and August. Well, genius. If lockdown is in operation even then, you cant very well join your jobs either, nor go for higher studies. What you are asking for is an opportunity not to sit for exams at any point of time, now or in future. Your disgusting anon personal attacks on individual batchmates go on to reveal your true color and motivation.
4) You have not even submitted your internal components in a whole semester. Entirely because of your own laziness. So where do you even get off arguing about scaling up of internal components so as to cover for exams, nobody knows. If you are arguing for submission of those components now, as mentioned in the petition, how will all the access to internet issues be automatically solved to do research? These are all very transparent smokescreens.
You are basically saying no solution that requires you to sit for exams, whether now or later, is not acceptable to you. When faculty dont agree with your irrational arguments, thats their fault? If you cannot come to the university anytime to give your exams, then you should have opted for a distance mode course. Calling it 'real problems' isn't fooling anyone. Provisions have been made for every possible case. If you cant accept those thats on you. All your arguments are based on what's convenient for you thats all.
You keep saying you dont have internet access for giving the exam. How are you posting this long comment then? It even required you to be online the whole time, unlike the exams would. If even the faculty members you said you relied upon in the past are not agreeing with your arguments, maybe its time for you to consider that your arguments are not simply valid ones.
indianexpress.com/article/jobs/iit-iim-job-offers-placement-season-coronavirus-outbreak-lockdown-6346524/
The VC has just clarified that the June exams will be conducted as regular, offline exams. That creates very different standards in terms of question appears, marking etc. between the two groups giving exams now and then.
While we might not deserve an MP Singh at this stage, please do not impose a PIB again.
"If you do not have internet then how can you post this?" Buddy if my internet goes out or is erratic while posting this, I will post it later. Can I do this during exams. While the study materials might be "enough" some students will be able to research and find answers online while some might not. (THAT IS THE UNFAIR TREATMENT). Internet access is not as simple as you make it out to be. Try finishing your law firm work on 2 bars of 2G hotspot where pages are barely loading.
NUJS Hostels: I am guessing if you are engaging in this debate, you may have been to those hostels. Yes, new students will not have arrived. Valid Point. However, where will 5th years stay? Will they break open locked rooms? Will they have a mattress? NUJS Hostels are not hotel rooms. These are real practical concerns. The admin will not come to save us then. They will say go fend for yourself.
There are no rooms just lying around? Old 5th year rooms will be occupied by students who have been allotted these rooms. While some junior batch rooms may be locked with belongings lying inside. Even if (best case) all students move rooms in time and the rooms kept for the incoming batch are made available (which ordinarily does not happen until one night before the new students come) - there will be no basic infrastructure like mattresses. (If this is too privileged a request, then "if you have food, stop whining about your LLM" is all I can say).
"Where will students stay? In the hostel" - If only life at NUJS was that simple.
If you disagree, then you do. But please do not make such baseless claims.
-- "if lockdown is still in force then your job wont start" - Kar di genius waali baat. HAVE YOU HEARD OF WFH. Many firms are already converting internships into WFH. That is a reality the world might have to live with. Employers are exploring remote onboarding and WFH for all employees. (Even if the lockdown per se is lifted, life is not going back to normal. Malls are not opening up anytime soon. Employers do not want their entire workforce at risk in one confined space. They will explore options that keep people away from each other so that if one person gets infected their entire workforce (which particularly for legal establishments is their only asset) is not at risk. SO YES I MAY STILL HAVE TO START WORK IN JUNE/JULY. READ THE NEWS.
PLEASE PLEASE THINK BEFORE COMMENTING. Also small request: please choose a name or alias while posting - makes it easier for me to shoot down your baseless claims.
Few students who have defaulted? Currently most of the subjects have their project submissions pushed to May after repeated begging from the batch. Are you for real? Only 2-3 subjects out of 12 have seen submissions. That's because you were lazy, no other excuse.
Hostel rooms: Nobody has taken your rooms, genius. All of you left at the same time and are coming back together. The juniors can be asked to wait for a fortnight and continue with the old arrangement. If you can't even make that happen, one shudders to think of your relationship with other batches. Otherwise, stay in the rooms that the juniors would be vacating. Are you really asking to get out of exams because you can't arrange for mattresses?
As for your work concern, if firms accommodate work from home in June, they would also accommodate delayed publication of results. If lockdown is still there in June, then you can ask for the June exam to be held online too. Currently there is absolutely no information to support your baseless conjecture. What makes you the authority to say what firms would or won't do? How many have you spoken to about this? Quit this pathetic display of entitlement and ignorance at the same time and go study. The only paucity of thought displayed is yours. You can't run away from every problem in life while trying to get all the benefit and put in no effort from your side. Not a single person whose opinion matters is getting swayed by your irrational demands.
Again Hostels - No. Mattress. In. Hostel. Room.
WFH - Employers provide internet etc. LOGIC - If there is a deadly virus out there, would you want to expose all your employees in one confined space? Organisations all over the world our re-thinking BCP models.
You do not have to argue for the sake of it. I get it exams will happen. Does not mean these concerns are baseless.
"Not a single person whose opinion matters is getting swayed by your irrational demands."Neither of our opinions are bing noted by anyone whose opinion matters. At least my arguments are logical.
June may sound like a real option but it is not. If you had a choice, in your final year, to wait for June (which comes with all its uncertainties) or write the exams right now. Out of the fear and risk associated with exams in June you will jsu
i"m glad you made this about stress. The lengths you will go to in order to ensure you do not have to suffer any stress. Imagine if I so much as played music in the quad one night before your exam? You would have gone running to the administration complaining about your inability to study properly. Rightfully so.
What about those who have to assist their ill family members? Help with preparation of food and generally live in a stressed environment because of the situation in the country?
How does it matter? Cambridge is not for those people anyway. Its for me only because everything at home is all good - I can study and write exams in peace while everything is done for me. Please do not stress me out by not letting me up my grade even if somebody else's grade goes down (They were never going to Cambridge any way).
This is the FAIREST use of voting.
Why not work together and ask the admin to allow students to have a choice? Either write the exams now or write the exams in a similar manner / over a similar time period when they get back ?
You can ask for both you know?
At NUJS you have to fight fort everything. We are raising accommodation concerns so that he will bear them in mind. If we do not then he will allow students to move into mew rooms. The fundamental flaw in your argumentation is that, while these points may be valid in theory, they are practically redundant. Mr NKC and most of his colleagues lack basic foresight.
The admin decided to conduct online exams without stating basic queries/rules. It was when the students sent a 14-15 point list of queries that they realised their flaws. Now will you give them credit for coming out with a comprehensive set of rules for online exams also?
It is very easy to throw around these idealistic comments.
Respected Authorities,
This is in response to a recent mail sent across by University regarding Academic Plan till July, 2020. This decision raises some concerns in the student community which are expressed hereinafter-
1. As a law student, rigorous Internships play a vital role as far the practical learning and career prospects are concerned. The curriculum of our college has been curated in manner so as to provide sufficient time for students to pursue such Internship during vacations. However this amendment, certainly leaves no scope for us to materialize any such opportunity because seeing the rising number of COVID 19 cases in the country, it is highly unlikely that we will be getting any kind of internship in the month of May and we can't take it up in the month of June or July as well as we are hereby mandated to attend college and give exams from 15th June onward.
2. Subsequent to Uttrakhand Government's Notification issued on April 1, 2020, many of the private hostels in the vicinity of college have been converted into Isolation Centers for the ones suspected to be infected, in this situation none of the Parents are willing to send their children back to College until the situation improves. With exponential growth in number of cases, resuming classes from June which is very short period from today, will inadvertently hamper safety of students.
3. Culminating online classes on April 30, 2020 and then reconvening for exams after a huge gap of around 1.5 months is not viable as we don't have the requisite resources to keep ourselves abreast with what has been taught in the class and then immediately appearing for End Term Examination is manifestly unreasonable considering our academic interest.
We appreciate the sincere efforts put in by University and the concerned faculties to ensure that learning never stops. While we understand that solidarity is expected from our end in these challenging times, however this decision will have a detrimental affect on all of us thus shall be considered for revision. We hope that we along with college can go on with some alternate situation making it a win-win situation both for the college and students.
Here are some suggestions that we think are feasible and can be considered by the college authorities -
1) Conduct exams online the same way as is being conducted in the 5th year and thus we can have June July free for internships; or
2) Give an internship time afterward the end semester by starting the next semester late. (for instance, one-month internship from 15 July to 15th August and then starting the new session later); or
3) Waive off End Semester Examination by increasing weight age of Mid Semester Examination and Internal Assessment.
It is a sincere request for BBA LL.B Batch to implement/ change the notified timeline at the earliest and issue a new timeline considering both of the above suggestions.
This is in response to a recent mail sent across by University regarding Academic Plan till July, 2020. This decision raises some concerns in the student community which are expressed hereinafter-
1. As a law student, rigorous Internships play a vital role as far the practical learning and career prospects are concerned. The curriculum of our college has been curated in manner so as to provide sufficient time for students to pursue such Internship during vacations. However this amendment, certainly leaves no scope for us to materialize any such opportunity because seeing the rising number of COVID 19 cases in the country, it is highly unlikely that we will be getting any kind of internship in the month of May and we can't take it up in the month of June or July as well as we are hereby mandated to attend college and give exams from 15th June onward.
2. Subsequent to Uttrakhand Government's Notification issued on April 1, 2020, many of the private hostels in the vicinity of college have been converted into Isolation Centers for the ones suspected to be infected, in this situation none of the Parents are willing to send their children back to College until the situation improves. With exponential growth in number of cases, resuming classes from June which is very short period from today, will inadvertently hamper safety of students.
3. Culminating online classes on April 30, 2020 and then reconvening for exams after a huge gap of around 1.5 months is not viable as we don't have the requisite resources to keep ourselves abreast with what has been taught in the class and then immediately appearing for End Term Examination is manifestly unreasonable considering our academic interest.
We appreciate the sincere efforts put in by University and the concerned faculties to ensure that learning never stops. While we understand that solidarity is expected from our end in these challenging times, however this decision will have a detrimental affect on all of us thus shall be considered for revision. We hope that we along with college can go on with some alternate situation making it a win-win situation both for the college and students.
Here are some suggestions that we think are feasible and can be considered by the college authorities -
1) Conduct exams online the same way as is being conducted in the 5th year and thus we can have June July free for internships; or
2) Give an internship time afterward the end semester by starting the next semester late. (for instance, one-month internship from 15 July to 15th August and then starting the new session later); or
3) Waive off End Semester Examination by increasing weight age of Mid Semester Examination and Internal Assessment.
It is a sincere request for BBA LL.B (Corporate Laws), (Batch 1) 3rd Year to implement/ change the notified timeline at the earliest and issue a new timeline considering both of the above suggestions.
1. Please note that currently all lawyers and law offices are doing work in "online" mode. So internship is totally permissible in "online" mode. No requirement has been made for court visit. If anyone is giving impression that court visit is needed it is totally wrong one.
2. There is no connection between self-quarantine facility and UPES students and no risk as there is enough distance. This infection is spread through infected droplet and touching only. Please also note there is difference between self-quarantine and infection.
3. Please note that colleges throughout the world are adjusting and UPES is giving a very fair chance to students. In foreign countries students are being given only 15 to study a whole course and give exams after only 2 days revision time.
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