Difference between revisions of "Template:Reflist"

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{{documentation subpage}}
 
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<!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE -->
 
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<includeonly>{{high-risk| 1,500,000+ }}</includeonly>
 
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This template encapsulates the {{tag|references |single}} tag to show the list of references defined by {{tag|ref}} tags,  with some formatting. It reduces the font size and has options for columns and groups. References can be defined within the body of the article or within the reference list.
 
  
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The {{tag|ref}} and {{tag|references |single}} tags are part of the [[mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php|Cite.php]] MediaWiki extension.
 
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{{tl|Reflist}} may be used with {{tl|Refbegin}} and {{tl|Refend}} to format different styles of references.
 
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== Usage ==
 
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;Using only footnote-style references
 
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<pre>
 
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== Content ==
 
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Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
 
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
 
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== References ==
 
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{{Reflist}}
 
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</pre>
 
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;Using only bibliographical style references
 
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<pre>
 
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== Content ==
 
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Lorem ipsum.
 
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
 
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== References ==
 
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{{refbegin}}
 
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* reference 1
 
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* reference 2
 
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{{refend}}
 
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</pre>
 
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;Using both footnote-style and bibliography-style references
 
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<pre>
 
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== Content ==
 
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Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
 
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref>
 
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Lorem ipsum.
 
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
 
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== References ==
 
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{{Reflist}}
 
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{{Refbegin}}
 
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* reference 1
 
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* reference 2
 
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{{Refend}}
 
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</pre>
 
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== Font size ==
 
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The font size should reduce to 90% for most browsers, but may appear to show at 100% for Internet Explorer and possibly other browsers.<ref name=fontsize/> Note that there is no consensus that a small font size should always be used for references; when normal-sized font is more appropriate on an article, use {{tag|references |single}} instead.
 
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== Columns ==
 
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Columns are currently supported only by [[Gecko (layout engine)|Gecko]]-based browsers (such as [[Mozilla Firefox]]). See [[#Browser support for columns|below]] for more information.
 
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Using {{tlx|Reflist|2}} will create a two-column reference list, and {{tlx|Reflist|3}} will create a three-column list.  Three-column lists are inaccessible to users with smaller/laptop monitors and should be avoided.
 
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Using {{tlx|Reflist|colwidth{{=}}30em}} will allow the browser to automatically choose the number of columns based on the width of the web browser.  Choose a column width that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page.
 
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== Multiple uses ==
 
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If {{tl|Reflist}} is used multiple times without a parameter, each instance will include all of the previously defined references. To force the parser to close previous references, each use of {{tl|Reflist}} must be forced as a new instance by the use of any parameter. Even an undefined parameter such as {{tlx|Reflist|close&#61;1}} will force the references to close.
 
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== Grouped references ==
 
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As of June 2008, the footnotes system supports the separation of references into groups. This allows groups for explanatory notes, table references and the like. See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes#Separating reference lists and explanatory notes]].
 
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The general format for the reference tag would be:
 
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:{{tag|ref group&#61;''"groupname"''|open}}
 
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And for the reflist:
 
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:{{tlx|Reflist|group&#61;''"groupname"''}}
 
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:Where ''groupname'' would be a group identifier such as "note", "nb" or "label".
 
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== List-defined references ==
 
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{{see|WP:LDR}}
 
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As of September 2009, references may be defined within {{tl|Reflist}} using {{para|refs}} and invoked within the content. There are new error messages associated with this update, documented at [[Help:Cite errors]]. As usual, groups can be used. Defined references must be used within the body; unused references will show an error message.
 
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=== Example ===
 
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<pre>
 
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This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" group="groupname"/>
 
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This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" group="groupname"/>
 
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This is reference 3.<ref name="refname3" group="groupname"/>
 
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{{Reflist|group="groupname"|refs=
 
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<ref name="refname1" group="groupname">content1</ref>
 
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<ref name="refname2" group="groupname">content2</ref>
 
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<ref name="refname3" group="groupname">content3</ref>
 
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}}
 
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</pre>
 
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=== Result ===
 
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This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" group="groupname"/>
 
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This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" group="groupname"/>
 
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This is reference 3.<ref name="refname3" group="groupname"/>
 
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{{Reflist|group="groupname"|refs=
 
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<ref name="refname1">content1</ref>
 
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<ref name="refname2">content2</ref>
 
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<ref name="refname3">content3</ref>
 
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}}
 
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== Technical details ==
 
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==== Browser support for columns ====
 
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Multiple columns are generated by using [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS3]], which is still in development; thus only browsers that properly support the multi-column property will show multiple columns.<ref name=stuffandnonsense /><ref name=w3org1/>
 
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* [[Mozilla Firefox]] and other [[Gecko (layout engine)|Gecko]]-based browsers support multiple columns with two caveats:
 
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**may create [[Widows and orphans|widows]]
 
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**may mangle long URLs in the printable version; see [[:Image:Wikipediareflistoverlap.gif]] for an example
 
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* [[Internet Explorer]] through version 8 does not support the column property<ref name=msdn />
 
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* [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] through 4.03, [[Google Chrome]] and probably other [[WebKit]] based browsers have a bug that breaks links in multiple columns; the column feature has been removed for these browsers until the bug is resolved; see [[Template:Reflist/Safari testcase]] for details and information on enabling WebKit columns per editor.
 
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::This issue has been resolved in Safari 5 and Chrome 5. WebKit support will be returned once the usage reports indication a preponderance of adoption.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wikimedia Visitor Log Analysis Report - Browsers e.a |url=http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportClients.htm |date=June 1, 2010}}</ref>
 
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* [[Opera (web browser)|Opera]] does not support multiple columns.
 
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=== Supporting CSS ===
 
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{{tl|Reflist}} uses a CSS rule in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] to set the font size:
 
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* <code>.references-small { font-size: 90%;}</code>
 
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These classes are used directly in the template for the columns:
 
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* <code>.references-column-count</code>
 
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* <code>.references-column-width</code>
 
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These properties are used in the template:
 
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* <code>column-count</code> CSS3 standard
 
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* <code>column-width:auto</code> CSS3 standard
 
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* <code>-moz-column-count</code> Mozilla CSS extension
 
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* <code>-moz-column-width</code> Mozilla CSS extension
 
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* <code>-webkit-column-count</code> Webkit CSS extension (disabled)
 
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* <code>-webkit-column-width</code> Webkit CSS extension (disabled)
 
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=== Customizing the view ===
 
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By editing your CSS, the personal appearance of the reference list can be customized. From [[Special:Preferences|Preferences]], select the Appearance tab, then on the selected skin select Custom CSS. After editing and saving, follow the instructions at the top of the page to purge. See [[Wikipedia:Skin#Customisation (advanced users)]] for more help.
 
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;Font size
 
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The font size defaults to 90% of the standard size. To change it, add:
 
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<source lang="css">.references-small { font-size: 90%;}</source>
 
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Change 90% to the desired size.
 
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;Columns
 
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To disable columns, add:
 
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<source lang="css">
 
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.references-column-count, .references-column-width {
 
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    column-count:1 !important;
 
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    column-width:auto !important;
 
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    -moz-column-count:1 !important;
 
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    -moz-column-width:auto !important;
 
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    -webkit-column-count:1 !important;
 
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    -webkit-column-width:auto !important;
 
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}
 
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</source>
 
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Similarly, to force all reference lists to a number of columns, change the number.
 
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=== Collapsing and scrolling ===
 
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There have been a number of requests to add functionality for a collapsible or scrolling reference list. These requests have not been fulfilled to due to issues with readability, accessibility, and printing. The applicable guidelines are at [[MOS:SCROLL]].
 
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The links between the inline cite and the reference list do not work when the reference list is enclosed in a collapsed box.
 
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== See also ==
 
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* [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]—style guide for the citation of sources
 
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* [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]]—style guide for footnotes and inline citations
 
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* [[Wikipedia:Citation templates]]—templates for use with references
 
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* {{tl|Template reference list}}—version of reflist for use in templates
 
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* {{tl|Refbegin}} and {{tl|refend}}—format reference lists
 
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* {{tl|Reflist-talk}}—for use on talk pages
 
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== References ==
 
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{{Reflist|refs=
 
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<ref name=fontsize>See [[User:Edokter/fonttest]] for a comparison of font sizes for various browsers; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=fonttest+prefix%3AMediaWiki+talk%3ACommon.css%2F&fulltext=Search&ns0=1 previous discussions] on changing the font size to resolve the IE issue.</ref>
 
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<ref name=stuffandnonsense>{{cite web |accessdate=November 24, 2006 |date=December 30, 2005 |title=CSS3 Multi-Column Thriller |url=http://www.stuffandnonsense.co.uk/archives/css3_multi-column_thriller.html}}</ref>
 
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<ref name=w3org1>{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-multicol/ |title=CSS3 module: Multi-column layout |publisher=[[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]] |date=December 15, 2005 |accessdate=November 24, 2006}}</ref>
 
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<ref name=msdn>{{cite web |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(VS.85).aspx#multicolumn |title=CSS Compatibility and Internet Explorer: Multi-column Layout |work=Microsoft Developer Network |publisher=Microsoft |accessdate=September 15, 2008}}</ref>
 
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}}
 
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<includeonly>
 
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<!-- ADD CATEGORIES BELOW THIS LINE -->
 
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[[Category:Citation templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]
 
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<!-- ADD INTERWIKIS BELOW THIS LINE -->
 
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[[ar:قالب:ثبت المراجع]]
 
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[[be-x-old:Шаблён:Зноскі]]
 
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[[bs:Šablon:Refspisak]]
 
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[[br:Patrom:Daveoù]]
 
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[[ca:Plantilla:Referències]]
 
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[[cy:Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau]]
 
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[[eo:Ŝablono:Referencoj]]
 
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[[es:Plantilla:Listaref]]
 
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[[eu:Txantiloi:Erreferentzia zerrenda]]
 
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[[fa:الگو:پانویس]]
 
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[[fr:Modèle:Références]]
 
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[[hi:Template:टिप्पणीसूची]]
 
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[[hr:Predložak:Izvori]]
 
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[[hsb:Předłoha:Referency]]
 
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[[hu:Reflist]]
 
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[[ia:Patrono:Reflist]]
 
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[[it:Template:References]]
 
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[[ja:Template:Reflist]]
 
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[[ka:თარგი:სქოლიოს სია]]
 
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[[ko:틀:주석]]
 
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[[lv:Veidne:Reflist]]
 
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[[ml:ഫലകം:Reflist]]
 
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[[ms:Templat:Reflist]]
 
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[[no:Mal:Reflist]]
 
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[[pl:Szablon:Przypisy]]
 
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[[pt:Predefinição:Referências]]
 
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[[ro:Format:Listănote]]
 
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[[ru:Шаблон:Примечания]]
 
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[[sr:Шаблон:Напомене]]
 
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[[fi:Malline:Viitteet]]
 
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[[th:แม่แบบ:รายการอ้างอิง]]
 
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[[uk:Шаблон:Reflist]]
 
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[[vi:Bản mẫu:Tham khảo]]
 
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[[zh:Template:Reflist]]
 
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</includeonly>
 

Latest revision as of 17:36, 6 November 2010

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